Embedded Files
Philosophy of the Unexplained
known knowns | unknown unknowns | epistemology
Johari window | belief vs. knowledge | intuition
There are known knowns
There are known knowns
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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See also Known Unknowns (TV episode) and The Unknown Known (film).
Rumsfeld during a Pentagon news briefing in February 2002.
"There are known knowns" is a phrase from a response United States Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld gave to a question at a U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) news briefing on February 12, 2002 about the lack of evidence linking the government of Iraq with the supply of weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups.[1]
Rumsfeld stated:
Reports that say that something hasn't happened are always interesting to me, because as we know, there are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns—the ones we don't know we don't know. And if one looks throughout the history of our country and other free countries, it is the latter category that tend to be the difficult ones.[1]
The statement became the subject of much commentary, including a documentary by Academy Award–winning film director Errol Morris.[2]
Rumsfeld during a Pentagon news briefing in February 2002.
There are known knowns
There are known knowns
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigationJump to search
See also Known Unknowns (TV episode) and The Unknown Known (film).
Rumsfeld during a Pentagon news briefing in February 2002.
"There are known knowns" is a phrase from a response United States Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld gave to a question at a U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) news briefing on February 12, 2002 about the lack of evidence linking the government of Iraq with the supply of weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups.[1]
Rumsfeld stated:
Reports that say that something hasn't happened are always interesting to me, because as we know, there are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns—the ones we don't know we don't know. And if one looks throughout the history of our country and other free countries, it is the latter category that tend to be the difficult ones.[1]
The statement became the subject of much commentary, including a documentary by Academy Award–winning film director Errol Morris.[2]
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